George foster



' Patented Dec. 13, 1859.A

`AELE R SHAFT.

Specification of Letters Patient No. 26,425, dated December 13, 1859. u.

To all whom it may concern: t

Be it known that I, GEORGE FOSTER, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Shaft or Axle; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which- Figure I, is a sectional View of my improved shaft or axle, A, A, A, showing a series of wrought iron tubes; B, B, the casting upon the same; C, a wheel cast directly upon the shaft. In this sketch figure 1 shows the journal; 2, journal for guard to oil-box;` 3,

wheel-bearing section; 4, thickness of cast-- iron to strengthen shaft or axle.

Fig. II, is an end view of the same, A, A, A, showing a series of tubes; B, B, the casting upon the same.

Fig. III, is a view of two portions of shafting, showing the means of connecting the same, A, A, showing thewrought iron tubes; B, B, the casting upon the same. I),

D, are plugs inserted into the interstices of the opposite portion of shafting and joining both portions.

Fig. IV, `is an end view of one section of shafting, A, A, showing the wrought iron tubes; B, B, the casting upon the same.

The nature of my invention consists in the formation of a shaft or axle, by combining cast iron with wrought iron in a cellular form in such a manner that the cast iron shall be melted around the wrought iron and form the journal, wheelbearlng section, wheel or pulley.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

Wrought iron tubes or rods, are laid together or in proximity to each other, in the mold prepared for them, and supported by their ends or by chaplets, in such a manner as not to touch the outer surface of the mold which corresponds with the dimensions of the journal, wheelbearing section, wheel, pulley or other form desired. The mold being closed, the melted metal is poured in,

which shrinking around the tubes or rods holds them firmly in place. I prefer the use of an iron or steel mold accurately finished, by which means the surface of the journal n" rrEn srArEs PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE FOSTER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK,`

necessity of future turning or finishing. "If an iron mold be used, when it is not deslrable to chill the casting, the mold as well as the u, rods or tubes should be previously dampened f with spirits of turpentine and rubbed briskly j with a brush or cloth dipped in a mixture of. pulverized black-lead, chalk, and soapstone or asbestos. This forms an earthy surface on the mold very thin, and almost impercepi tible to the eye or touch, but sufficient to pre` vent the chilling and leavesthe surfacefof the casting soft and `almost free from scale. I insert plugs or movable boltsinthetubes or cells in one end of each length of shaft, i which projecting beyond the end,l fit easily but snugly into the corresponding tubes or u cells of the next lengt-h, thusforming a continuous line. u The advantages obtained by making shafts or axles in this manner, are economy of labor f and materials, the attainment of the greatest amount of strength Afor `a given weight, the 1f great durability of the cast-ir`onjournal,` and the ready adjustment of theparts in a con-` tinuous line. j j j j u I do not intend to confine myself tothe j manner of connect-ing the lengths of shaft as` 1 j herein shown, as I am aware they may be j j connected by many known means. j I "am H also aware that both wrought iron and cast iron tubular shafts have been made, but the u peculiarity of my invention consists in com? l bining the two materials in a cellular form, y in such a manner that the cast iron shall be j melted around the wrought iron, forming the journal, wheel-bearing-section, wheel er j pulley as herein described. f I am fullyaware that a shaft or axle has been formed by pouring cast iron around la i series of wrought iron tubes, separate and j distinct from each other, and` entirely surrounding each tube;` @I claim no such device. What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent'is-f l i j I claim a shaft or axle, cellular in itschar acter, and composedof a series of wrought iron rods `or tubes, covered and held togethe by a casting, cast upon the same and forming the journal, wheel-bearingsection, wheel l j and pulley' l GE() `FOSTER i In presence of- ALBERT WHEELER,

. or other part may be chilled, and so save the A. SIDNEY DoANE.` 

